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中国最长寿老人去世,135岁为何不是人类寿命“天花板”?

发布日期:2022-04-26 发布者:译语翻译公司 页面功能: 【字体:

 

中国最长寿老人去世,135岁为何不是人类寿命天花板

China's oldest old man dies, why is 135 years old not the "ceiling" of human lifespan?

1216日,中国最长寿老人阿丽米罕·色依提在新疆喀什去世,享年135岁。唐朝时,杜甫曾叹“人生七十古来稀”,他大概从未想过,千年后会有人类活到135岁,几乎在“古稀”的基础上翻了一番。

On December 16, China's oldest old man, Ali Mihan Seyiti, died in Kashgar, Xinjiang at the age of 135. In the Tang Dynasty, Du Fu once sighed that "life is rare in seventy years". He probably never thought that in a thousand years, there will be human beings who will live to be 135 years old, which is almost doubled on the basis of "antiquity".

人类预期寿命逐年攀升,135岁是否已触达寿命极限?生命长度是否还有延伸的可能?多个科学研究给出了答案。

Human life expectancy is rising year by year. Has the 135-year-old reached the limit of life expectancy? Is it possible to extend the length of life? Several scientific studies have given the answer.

一、端粒决定生命长度

I. Telomeres determine the length of life

2016年,美国阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦医学院科学家在《Nature》发表研究,分析50年间法、日、美、英长寿人群的死亡年龄变化情况。统计发现,该数据从上世纪末开始趋于稳定。研究团队据此得出结论:人类已迫近寿命极限,平均最长寿命为115岁,极限为125岁。

In 2016, scientists from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in the United States published a study in Nature, analyzing the changes in the age of death of long-lived populations in France, Japan, the United States, and the United Kingdom over the past 50 years. Statistics have found that this data has stabilized since the end of the last century. Based on this, the research team concluded that human beings are approaching the limit of their lifespan, with an average maximum lifespan of 115 years and a limit of 125 years.

5年后,又一科研团队以统计学方法预测人类寿命上限,登上《Nature》子刊。2021525日,《Nature Communications》公布新加坡科学家Timothy V. Pyrkov研究,以血液相关数据评估人体恢复能力,把握衰老进程。研究表明,恢复能力随年龄升高而下降,40岁时是80岁的3倍。该能力在120-150岁之间完全消失,科学家据此预测120-150岁就是人类的寿命极限。

Five years later, another scientific research team used statistical methods to predict the upper limit of human lifespan, which was published in the sub-journal of "Nature". On May 25, 2021, "Nature Communications" announced the research of Timothy V. Pyrkov, a Singaporean scientist, using blood-related data to evaluate the human body's recovery ability and grasp the aging process. Research has shown that resilience declines with age, with 40-year-olds being three times as likely as 80-year-olds. This ability disappears completely between 120-150 years old, and scientists predict that 120-150 years old is the limit of human lifespan.

不过,统计学只能预测未来趋势,既有被“技术奇点”、“黑天鹅事件”等推翻结论的风险,也无法为延寿提供指导性建议。正因如此,基于实验观察而提出的“海夫利克极限”,仍是迄今为止关于“人类寿命极限”最广为人知的理论。

However, statistics can only predict future trends, and there is a risk of overturning conclusions such as "technical singularity" and "black swan events", and it cannot provide guidance for life extension. Because of this, the "Hayflick limit" based on experimental observations is still the most widely known theory about the "human lifespan limit" so far.

1961年,海夫利克在实验中发现,体外培养的细胞在分裂约50次(±10次)后就会死亡。人体细胞平均每2.4年分裂一次,因此人类寿命极限约为120岁。随着研究的深入,细胞不能无限分裂的原因渐渐浮出水面——细胞每次分裂都会导致“端粒”缩短。端粒是DNA的末端片段的“帽子”结构,钟南山院士曾在公开讲座中将端粒喻为“生命时钟”,端粒消耗殆尽时,人就会死亡。

In 1961, Hayflick found in experiments that cells in vitro died after dividing about 50 times (± 10 times). Human cells divide on average every 2.4 years, so the limit of human lifespan is about 120 years. As research progresses, the reason why cells can't divide indefinitely gradually emerges - each time a cell divides, the "telomeres" shorten. Telomere is the "cap" structure of the end segment of DNA. Academician Zhong Nanshan once described telomere as the "clock of life" in his public lecture. When telomere is exhausted, people will die.

二、延长端粒,抬高“寿命天花板”

II. Extend telomeres and raise the "lifespan ceiling"

根据“海夫利克极限”理论,人类寿命的极限已然确定。但端粒是不是只能缩短,无法延长呢?

According to the "Hayflick limit" theory, the limit of human lifespan has been determined. But can telomeres only be shortened, not lengthened?

近年来,人类对端粒的理解与研究愈发深刻。2020118日,特拉维夫大学教授Shai Efrati在《老龄化》发表研究,招募3564岁以上老人进行高压吸氧。3个月后,受试者端粒平均延长20%以上,最长者达52.5%,衰老细胞减少37%,恢复至25年前的年轻态。据悉,私人飞机庞巴迪、中国中车高铁供应商青岛威奥,已跨界研发出智能集成高压氧舱“O2 ARK”,多位名流、富商线下亲身体验,已将“O2 ARK”带回私宅吸氧延寿。

In recent years, human understanding and research on telomeres have become more and more profound. On November 8, 2020, Shai Efrati, a professor at Tel Aviv University, published a study in "Aging", recruiting 35 elderly people over 64 years old for hyperbaric oxygen inhalation. After 3 months, the subjects' telomeres increased by more than 20% on average, the longest was 52.5%, and the senescent cells decreased by 37%, returning to the youthful state of 25 years ago. It is reported that private jet Bombardier and China's CRRC high-speed rail supplier Qingdao Weiao have developed an intelligent integrated hyperbaric oxygen chamber "O2 ARK". Oxygen to prolong life.

除了“O2 ARK”,辅酶1前体(“派洛维pro”核心物质)也深受端粒研究领域关注。20211129日,中科院及重庆医科大学等在《前沿》发表研究,给8名健康男性受试者每天服用300mg辅酶1前体。3个月后,端粒平均延长近2倍。“派洛维pro”制剂此前因其重振线粒体而被京东用户热捧,该研究或将使其供不应求、从东京百货专柜紧急调货的盛况重现。据艾媒咨询预测,该市场规模将在2年内以70.25%的增速攀至270.13亿元。

In addition to "O2 ARK", coenzyme 1 precursor (the core substance of "Panovir pro") has also attracted much attention in the field of telomere research. On November 29, 2021, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chongqing Medical University published a study in Frontiers, giving 8 healthy male subjects 300mg of coenzyme 1 precursor per day. After 3 months, telomeres were on average nearly 2-fold longer. The "Panovit pro" preparation has been popular among Jingdong users for its mitochondrial rejuvenation. This study may make it in short supply, and the grand occasion of emergency dispatch from Tokyo department store counters will be repeated. According to iiMedia Research, the market size will reach 27.013 billion yuan with a growth rate of 70.25% within two years.

三、迎接全民长寿时代

III. Welcome the era of national longevity

2020年,我国平均预期寿命为77.4岁,女性更是以80.9岁突破80大关。随着“O2 ARK”、“派洛维pro”等延寿成果的落地普及,这一数字还将继续提升。长生不老只是仙界传说,但全民长寿已成为新的社会现实。

In 2020, the average life expectancy in my country will be 77.4 years, and women will break through the 80-year mark at 80.9 years. With the popularization of life extension results such as "O2 ARK" and "Piloway pro", this number will continue to increase. Immortality is just a fairy tale, but longevity for the whole people has become a new social reality.

随着经济的发展与寿命的延长,延迟退休也将提上议程。60岁还是“壮年”,还能继续为社会贡献自己的体力与脑力,在工作中实现自我价值。

As the economy develops and life expectancy increases, delaying retirement will also be on the agenda. At the age of 60, he is still a "strong age", and he can continue to contribute his physical and mental strength to the society and realize his self-worth at work.

立足当下,135岁是我们只能仰望的中国“寿命天花板”。但正如杜甫不会在唐朝就想到,平均寿命能突破70岁的“古稀”,现在的我们也难以想象,几十年后“迟暮”的定义或将被重新书写,70岁可能堪堪是生命的中点。漫长的后半生将如何规划?这会是属于我们这代人的甜蜜烦恼。

Based on the present, the age of 135 is the "ceiling of lifespan" in China that we can only look up to. But just as Du Fu would not have thought in the Tang Dynasty that the average life expectancy can exceed 70 years old, it is difficult for us to imagine that the definition of "twilight" may be rewritten in a few decades, and 70 years old may be worthy of midpoint of life. How will you plan for the second half of your long life? This will be the sweet trouble of our generation.

From website: https://www.bilibili.com/read/

 

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